Rural Project Management Publisher: New Age | Pages: 244 | 2007 | ISBN 8122421491 | PDF | 1.2 MB
Management has been called “the art of getting things done through people”. This definition, by Mary Parker Follet, calls attention to the fact that managers achieve organizational goals by arranging for others to perform whatever tasks may be necessary – not by performing the tasks themselves.
Management has been viewed as a process of planing, organizing and controlling the organizational members and of using all other organizational resources to achieve organizational goals. Process is a systematic way of doing things. We define management, as a process because all employees, regardless of their attitude or skills engage in certain interrelated activities in order to achieve desired goals.
The classical, behavioural and quantitative schools of management focused on aspects of the organization the functionaries could influence directly. External environment continuously undergoes rapid changes having far-reaching effects on organizations and their management strategies. At the same time, the standards by which managers are judged have changed. Now, organization must consider the effects of their actions on the quality of life, holding themselves responsible to their stakeholder’s community those groups or individuals who are affected directly or indirectly by the organization’s pursuit of goals.
A project is accomplished by performing a set of activities like manufacturing a product, organizing health programmes or managing relief work. Manufacturing a product consists of many activities like sourcing raw material, staffing etc. Every project requires resources; these may be money, material and others.
According to Project Management Institute, USA, “Project is a system involving the co-ordination of a number of separate department entities throughout the organization and which must be completed within prescribed schedules and time constraints. Managing a project involves application of scientific tools like operation research, quantitative techniques, planning, implementing, monitoring and coordinating all the activities or tasks to produce desirable outputs in accordance with the pre-determined objectives.
Management has been viewed as a process of planing, organizing and controlling the organizational members and of using all other organizational resources to achieve organizational goals. Process is a systematic way of doing things. We define management, as a process because all employees, regardless of their attitude or skills engage in certain interrelated activities in order to achieve desired goals.
The classical, behavioural and quantitative schools of management focused on aspects of the organization the functionaries could influence directly. External environment continuously undergoes rapid changes having far-reaching effects on organizations and their management strategies. At the same time, the standards by which managers are judged have changed. Now, organization must consider the effects of their actions on the quality of life, holding themselves responsible to their stakeholder’s community those groups or individuals who are affected directly or indirectly by the organization’s pursuit of goals.
A project is accomplished by performing a set of activities like manufacturing a product, organizing health programmes or managing relief work. Manufacturing a product consists of many activities like sourcing raw material, staffing etc. Every project requires resources; these may be money, material and others.
According to Project Management Institute, USA, “Project is a system involving the co-ordination of a number of separate department entities throughout the organization and which must be completed within prescribed schedules and time constraints. Managing a project involves application of scientific tools like operation research, quantitative techniques, planning, implementing, monitoring and coordinating all the activities or tasks to produce desirable outputs in accordance with the pre-determined objectives.
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